Cp Function
INACTIVE. See 01D TAB belo LATCH ADDRESS See 111 UNTAKl bduw INACTIVE The PSG CPU bus Is inactiva DA7--DAD are n a high imprrJance aiaia. FIE AH FTt d PSG. Th s amp ir ii bl tauses Ihe contend Ihe register which s CLirrfrfitly addressed ta appear on irw PSG CPU bui. OA7 DAO 3re in the Ouipul made LATCH ADDRESS. See 111 INTAK'i belosv INACTIVE. See 01 3 IAS above WRITE 10 PSG Th s signal indicates that the hu contains register d.H i wlrch should be Ifiichi.KJ iriio the currenliy fiddr ssed eg gt...
ATARI Programming with programs
If you own an ATARI personal computer or are thinking of acquiring one, this handbook is a must It's an invaluable resource of operating and programming information that shows you, step-by-step, how to get the most performance from your machine, including user-defined high resolution graphics. Written in easy-to-understand, non-technical language, the book assumes no prior computer knowledge all you need is right here, including actual programming examples. The instructions are designed for an...
Antic And The Screen
Most microcomputers on die market today use die same CPU to handle instructions and commands and also display information on die screen. Some systems offer choice of text, text with limited graphics, or high-resolution graphics. The ATARI microcomputer has a video microprocessor called Antic which handles the screen display. It has its own set of instructions that are different from the 6502 instructions, its own program, and data. This makes it possible to display several different modes on...
Rem Merge Poke Data For Rem Ml Sort Routine Here Rem
DATA 162,28,181,179,157,224,3,202 DATA 208,248,169,0,133,212,133,213 DATA 104,201,6,240,13,170,104,104 DATA 202,208,251,162,1,134,212,24 DATA 144,37,104,133,183,104,133,182 DATA 104,104,133,184,104,133,186,104 DATA 133,185,104,104,133,187,198,187 DATA 133,180,104,104,133,188,198,188 DATA 104,104,133,189,24,144,11,162 DATA 28,189,224,3,149,179,202,208 DATA 248,96,162,2,165,182,201,0 DATA 208,4,165,183,240,191,232,165 DATA 184,208,4,165,185,240,182,232 570 DATA 165,185,208,8,201,1,208,4 580 DATA...
Gsub 1
2530 Isagine if you Hill, that th ere are 60 cards stored soaewhere in A 2532 each containing portions of au sic stolen fros Scott Joplin. 2540 Now what if you ere to j usble up those cards in a randoa ord er and play 2542 thea on an instruaent. Hould they sound as good as the originals 2550 Probably not. But thea aga in, who knows At any rate, you wo uld have 2552 yourself an original cospositi on inspired by one of the greats in susic. 2560 And if you didn't like it, you could six up the...
Data Stored At Locations
Run address Cartridge-in byte Cartridge option Initialization address BFFA,B 49146,7 BFFC 49148 BFFD 49149 BFFE,F 49150,1 9FFA,B 40954,5 9FFC 40956 9FFD 40957 9FFE 40958,9 To jump into BASIC with the cartridge installed from DOS, for example, type M from the DOS menu. For the address, type BFF9 lt Return gt which is the INIT address contained in memory locations BFFE and BFFF on the CARTRIDGE. This is the same as using the B option, or RUN CARTRIDGE from DOS. CASSETTE BOOT FILE This BOOT FILE...
AMODEMThe Most Advanced Terminal Software
An RCP M BBS see the BBS chapter for more on RCP M BB Services or other BBS's that transfer programs using what is called Christensen XMODEM protocol, can send you some extremely advanced programs. Once you've added the AMODEM Terminal program to your library of FREE Terminal software, you'll be able to download machine language programs, SAVEd tokenized programs, binary load files, and lots more. The AMODEM Terminal program is versatile it can also be used to communicate with ATARI BBS's and...
The Cursor Moves Diagonally Down and Right DX DY
If you push the joystick diagonally down toward the right to move the cursor diagonally down toward the right of the screen, A 5 The number 5 is present in the first statement of line 30, so DX 1 DX 1 - 0 . Movement occurs in the X direction toward the right of the screen . The number 5 is present in the first statement of line 40, so DY 1 DY 1 - 0 . Movement occurs in the Y direction towards the bottom of the screen . Use this piece of scratch paper to take care of a persistent itch, or to...
Command Descriptor Block
Byte 03 Least Significant byte of the Logical Byte 04 xxxxxxxx Operation Length Usually Sector count in Data Request Used by the Peripheral Target to request a DMA data transfer. Direction of transfer is determined by the R _W signal. A 3-bit number designating the physical controller receiving the Command Block. Up to eight 0 through 7 controllers can be connected to the Atari DMA channel. Usually set on target device with dip switches or jumpers. A 5-bit number specifying the operation...
The Automatic Proofreader
At last there's a way for your computer to help you check your typing. The Automatic Proofreader will make entering programs faster, easier, and more accurate. The strong point of computers is that they excel at tedious, exacting tasks. So why not get your computer to check your typing for you The Automatic Proofreader will help you type in program listings without typing mistakes. It is a short error-checking program that hides itself in memory. When activated, it lets you know immediately...
Changing The Stack
The stack can be changed in three ways. It can be enlarged, reduced or rearanged. All this can be done with the following words DUP n - nn Duplicate top of stack. DROP n Throw away the top of SWAP nn'-n'n Reverse the two top elements. OVER n'n-n'nn' Copy of the second Fig 3-1 shows how these words affect the stack. Now let us do some examples and exercises. Example 1 The stack contains the numbers 3 2 1 with the 1 on top of the stack. What words must be entered to obtain the sequence 3 2 2 1...
File Operations
GEMDOS places no restrictions on what a file may contain. Most applications assume that text files contain lines separated with carriage-return linefeeds, with a control-Z indicating the end of file. The format of executable files is documented in the Appendix. The GEMDOS calls FcreateQ and Fopen return small, positive 16-bit integers, called handles, that refer to open files. A file may be opened for reading only, for writing only, or for reading and writing. Closing the file relinquishes the...
New Online
PCF554.ARC Sets the step rate for drive B to 6ms. Works with all versions of TOS for the PCF554 drive. PEXEC.ARC Discussion of PEXEC modes including additional mode added with TOS 1.4. ARGVSP.ARC Enhanced method of passing arguments to GEMDOS child processes. C-JAR.ARC Standard for identifying TSR's and machine configurations established with the STE with backward compatibility discussed. AHDI3D.ARC Atari's Hard Disk Interface 3.00 release notes. Adds support for more than 4 partitions and...
Copyright Datamost
2140 NU fifth SETCOLOR 2,7,1 RETURN 21 50 NU sixth SETCOLOR 2,0,1 RETURN 21 60 NU seventh SETCOLOR 2,3,1 RETURN 2170 NU eighth SETCOLOR 2,4,1 RETURN 2180 NU ninth SETCOLOR 2,1,1 RETURN 2190 NU tenth SETCOLOR 2,3,2 RETURN 2200 NU final SETCOLOR 2,4,2 RETURN 2210 GOTO 4100 3005 PRINT PRINT KINGDOM 31 20 PRINTHamurabi, I beg to report to you that in the N US year of your reign, 31 25 PRINT D, people starved. 3130 PRINT I new inhabitants came into the city. 3140 PRINT Rats ate E bushels. 3280 P P I...
Video Documentation
We recommend that all screen output be done via the GEM VDI. This technique allows an application to take advantage of higher resolutions and greater color capabilities of new screen modes yet still function in more limited situations. We do recognize, however, that direct screen output is something that applications authors are going to want to do. As a result we are documenting the screen memory organizations in all modes on the Atari Falcon030. The 1,2,4 and 8 bit per pixel modes are...
Segment Display
As part of debugging, a VHDL component was created to use the RaggedStone onboard 7 segment display. The RaggedStone has four of these 7 segment displays, enabling 4 hex characters or 16 bits to be displayed. This was perfect for displaying the 16 bit data bus, but not the 24 bit address bus. To overcome this limitation, the display will sequence through the upper portion of the address bus, then the lower portion of the address bus and lastly the data bus. The VHDL component will also be...
The EOR operator
The instruction EOR exclusive or will return a true value 1 if one, and only one, of the bits in the pair being tested is a 1. The following turth table is for the EOR operator. The EOR instruction is often used for comparing bytes to determine if they are identical, since if any bit in two bytes is different, the result of a comparison will be non-zero. Here is an illustration of that comparison. 1011 0110 1011 0110 EOR 10110110 But EOR 10110111 In Example 1, the bytes being compared are...
Simple Atari Programs
If you're intrigued with the possibilities of the programs included in ATARI Programming. with 55Programs TAB Book No. 1485 , you should definitely consider having the ready-to-run disks containing each of these software applications. This software is guaranteed free from manufacturing defects. If you have any problems, return the disks within 30 days and we'll send you new ones. Not only will you save the time and effort of typing the programs, these disks eliminate the possibility of errors...
Data Dumper
Turn machine language routines in BASIC DATA statements into an object file that can be loaded from the Assembler Editor for disassembly and modification. Ever wonder how those great little subroutines in BASIC programs work Have you ever wanted to easily load those ML routines with your Assembler Editor Here is a small utility that will convert the DATA statements in a BASIC program to machine language and store the data on tape or disk. Later, this data can be loaded by the Assembler Editor...
If En Then 1
1532 P BLF SRG GSV ZHHILRH'sBOSUB N4 E8 E8-iN5 P2 P3 N2 IF E8 lt N0 THEN E7 NOsEB NOsP RG RH HVHGILBVH'sBOTO N9 1540 IF D3 N1 THEN PI RG RH H6ROO ZOR EV GOTO N9 1550 P GSV ZHHILRH RH HGROO UFHXGRLH RHT GOTO N9 1560 IF V2 N0 THEN P R XZH'6 HL GSZG GOTO N9 1570 IF HV2 ONO THEN P R HLH'G SZE V GSZG GOTO N9 1580 IF V20N9 AND V2 lt gt 14 THEN P R X ZH'G HL BSZG'sBOTD N9 1590 IF lt V2 N9 AND A 44 OR V2 14 AND A 38 THEN Pt HL8SRHT SZKKVNHs GOSUB N4 1600 IF V20N9 OR A lt gt 38 THEN 1610 1602 F4 35 P...
Figure PARMBLK Structure
o pb_tree - A POINTER to the object tree that contains the application-defined object. o pb_obj - A WORD containing the object index of the application-defined object. o pb_prevstate - A WORD containing the old state of an object to be changed. o jpb_currstate - A WORD containing the changed new state of an object . Note If pb_prevstate and pb_currstate are the same, the application is drawing the object, not changing it. o pb_x - A WORD containing the X-coordinate of a rectangle defining the...
Scrap Library
9.2 Using the Scrap 9.3 Scrap Library Routines 9-2 10.2 Using the File Selector Library 10-2 10.3 File Selector Library Routine 10-3 10.3.1 FSEL_INPUT 11.2 Using the Window Library 11-2 11.2.1 Components of the Border Area 11-3 11.2.2 Division of Labor 11-6 11.2.3 Window Management Calls 11-6 11.2.4 Support of Overlapping Windows 11-8 11.2.5 Redrawing and Updating 11-9 11.3 Window Library Routines 11-11 11.3.1 WIND_CREATE 11.3.2 WIND_OPEN 11.3.3 WIND_CLOSE 11.3.4 WIND_DELETE 11.3.5 WIND_GET...
Possible Problems
If you find that your ST crashes during boot up or that you cannot properly use the cartridge plugged into the Forget-Me-Clock ll's pass-through connector, you should turn off your ST and check that the Forget-Me-Clock II and the other cartridge are firmly and squarely plugged into the ST and into each other. If you find that despite having the Forget-Me-Clock II auto-run program automatically set the time at boot-up, the clock is always set to the default, then you should look to see if you...
Hyperlist Now Available
The PowerBASIC compiler is now available for the Atari Portfolio. Priced at 99.95, if s a must for Portfolio-Specific development Portfolio Chess, offering ten levels of play from Novice to Master, is now available for 49.95. Instant Speller lets you perform spelling checks on your Portfolio files. Now available at 39.95. Hyperlist lets you organize any topic in any format you define, and is now available for 49.95. To order, add 5.00 to the purchase price for shipping and handling. Residents...
Kobold
Software 1993, 1994 Application Systems Heidelberg GmbH It is an infringement of the copyright to make any copy except for the sole purpose of a security backup. Manual 1994, 1994 Brandt Fernandes Europe Ltd. All rights reserved. Reproduction or translation of any part of this work without permission of the copyright owner is unlawful. Designed in Calamus 1.9N on an Atari Mega ST and photoset by Sumner Type using Calamus SL on an Atari TT 030. System Solutions Brandt Fernandes Europe Ltd. 17-19...
Walt for Acknowledge
Once the byte has been sent, wait for an acknowledge from the target device by monitoring bit 5 of the GPIP General Purpose Interrupt Port of the MC68901 . Bit 5 is cleared when the target device is ready for the next byte. This operation should also timeout in case a response is not obtained from the target device. See the programming example above for an example of how to do this. The following programming example combines a required 20 microsecond delay between command bytes with the 3...
Rom Copy Technique Ii
but, all in all, is the simplest and most effective ROM copy technique being used by software pirates today. To explain this technique, I will introduce a new term -EPROM chip. An EPROM chip is an Erasable, Programmable, Read Only Memory also PROM, Programmable Read Only Memory chips can be used but cannot later be erased and revised . EPROMs are just like ROMs except that the instructions can be altered using a device called an EPROM burner. This, figuratively speaking, burns instructions into...
Rom And Eprom Cartridges
ROMs are Read Only Memories. As you know, the ATARI operating system is on a 10K ROM board, and cartridge games are on ROM chips varying from 4K to 16K. There are two cartridge slots on the ATARI 800 and one on the ATARI 400 and 1200XL. The right hand cartridge slot on the 800 uses memory locations 8000 through 9FFF HEX . The left cartridge slot uses memory locations A000 through BFFF for 4K and 8K cartridges and 8000 through BFFF for 16K cartridges. When a cartridge is present, it will disable...
Specification for GEMDOS File Sharing Record Locking
The following information describes the methods that will be used when GEMDOS is extended to allow file sharing and record locking. Please note that at this time, despite the fact that this document discusses how certain aspects of these extensions relate to networking, this is not a full-fledged network specification. Developers are encouraged to write software with multiuser capabilities in mind when at all possible. An application can determine if the extensions are available by checking the...
Hex Ddump 1
The word ATARI changes all unwanted characters for example the byte 9B which erases the screen to dots. This word is used within the word ASCII, which prints the ASCII characters. LNE prints one line of hex bytes while NR does the numbering on top of the printout. Next we look at some mathematical examples.
Saving preferences
To save the settings file you can either choose Save as from the Preferences box or choose Save preferences from the Options menu. This latter command, on the Options menu, saves the current editor, assembler and Tools menu preferences under the name HISOFTED.INF. If you want to call your settings file a different name you should use Save as in the Preferences box, as described below. When the editor is loaded, it looks for the HI SOFT ED. INF gt configuration file firstly in the current...
Jersey Atari Computer Group
BELL LABS ATARI COMPUTER CLUB Dennis Kushler, President Bell Labs 600 Mountain Avenue Murray Hill, NJ 07974 201 582-3379 W 201 273-7588 H NEW YORK ATARI PROGRAMMING CLUB Robert Greenberg, President 2175 Bay Blvd. Atlantic Beach, NY 11509 516 239-5009 H
Turtle Graphics in Atari BASIC
By adding just a short subroutine to your BASIC programs, you can simulate some turtle graphics commands. Here is a BASIC subroutine modified from Charles Brannon's Turtle Pilot for the Atari ' COMPUTE , October 1982 that allows you to add turtle graphics to Atari BASIC. Turtle graphics will not affect the BASIC graphics statements in any way, and both turtle and BASIC graphics statements can be used at the same time. Here are descriptions of how to use turtle graphics. TURN X GOSUB 31010 Turns...
Lda Ldx Ldy Sta Stx Sty
addressing modes LDX and LDY each have five addressing modes while STX and STY have three, and STA has seven. Recall that addressing modes determine how the CPU locates data that is retrieved from memory or how it locates where data is to be stored. The large number of addressing modes provided by the 6502 processor is an advantage in machine language programming because it allows the programmer more options in writing code for a given task. In Boxes 18, 19, and 20 the STA, STX, and STY...
A Switching Mode Power Supply
The chapter provides service information for a 22 Watts single output 12V , single phase input 120 or 240 VAC switching-mode power supply S.M.P.S. . 2.1 AC operation voltage I P 120VAC 90 - 130VAC or 240VAC 12 1 VDC for Vol 5 for Vo2 1.2 - 1.5A for Vol 300 mA for Vo2 Reference to Figure 1, S.M.P.S. block diagram and Figure circuit diagram. The AC Line is connected to rectifier D701 - D704 through the line filter L701, C701 - C704 , when the power switch SW700 is turned on. The rectifier and DC...
Serial Output Via Game Port Three
The game port three is used to transmit data from the ATARI to a printer with a serial input. One half of an RS232 interface is simulated by software. The connections to be made are shown in Fig 84. Fig 8-4 Transmit data from the ATARI to a printer or RS232 input. This application also shows how to use machine code without using an assembler in FORTH. The program is listed in Fig 8-5. The word CREATE lt name gt creates an entry into the vocabulary with the name lt name gt . It writes the...
Base Page Layout
Every program that runs under GEMDOS has a base page area which contains certain information. It is 100 bytes long. pointer to parent's base page 0 if desk accessory command line length byte then string, which is guaranteed to be null-terminated
Summary Of Tests
System RAM is tested in three stages low 2 kbytes, middle up to 64k , and from 64k to top. The test patterns used are all Is, all Os, a counting pattern data low word of the address , reverse counting pattern data complement of address low word . The counting pattern is copied from the top and bottom of a 32 Kbyte buffer into the current 32 Kbytes of video RAM, then shifts video RAM to a new area, verifies the pattern, and repeats the test, until the top of RAM is reached. Finally, addressing...
Set Fill Style Index
This function selects a fill style based on the fill interior style. This index has no effect if the interior style is hollow, solid, or user-defined. Indices range from 1 to a device-dependent maximum. If the re-guested index is not available, GEM VDI uses index style 1. The index references a hatch style if the selected fill interior style is hatch, or a pattern if the selected interior fill style is pattern. Figure 5-5 shows the available fill styles. Under each rectangle in Figure 5-5 are...
More Exciting Services
ABBS Queens, NY 212 896 0519 Western Massachusettes , 413 637 3515 Alpha, Tampa, FL,, lt acctft ABCD00, pwd TRYIT gt 813 251 4095 24 790 5910 Apollo's Chariot, Apollo, FL 813 645 3669 295 0783 24 Applecrackers, Columbus, OH 614 475 9791 24 ARBB Seattle, WA 206 546 6239 Armadillo Media Services, Houston, TX 713 444 7098 Aviators Bulletin Board, Sacramento, CA 916 393 4459 Bathroom Wall BBS, San Antonio, TX 512 655 8143 Baton Rouge Data System, Baton Rouqe, LA 504 926 0131 Blue BOSS IBM PC,...
Floating Point Directives
Note that DC . S, DC . D and DC . X are really floating point directives but they are documented above with their integer cousins. This directive will set the value and type of the given label to be a floating point constant of the given value. The constant may be specified in hexadecimal or decimal as described previously under expressions alternatively you may use a previously defined floating point constant. The label is compulsory and must not be a local label. Note that the size . x is...
Synchronous Bus interface
The ACIA uses the E Clock, which unfortunately the MC68SEC000 CPU doesn't provide. The E Clock was at one tenth of the CPU frequency with a 60 40 duty cycle. The 68SEC000 also doesn't have connections for the VPA or VMA signals. The E Clock was created by a counter that counts from 0 to 9 and then rolls over. If the value of the counter was 0 to 5 then the E clock was 0, otherwise it will be 1. The Glue component of the Atari signal to tell the CPU an access to a 6800 synchronous device has...
Algorithms Data Structures
Compilers Principles, Techniques and Tools Aho, Alfred V, Ravi Sethi and Jeffrey D. Ullman 1986 ISBN 0-201-10194-7, Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Reading, MA, USA. Algorithms Sedgewick, Robert 1988 ISBN 0-201-06673-4, Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Reading, MA, USA. Aho, Alfred V, John E. Hopcroft et al 1983 ISBN 0-201-00023-7, Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Reading, MA, USA. Fundamental Algorithms Knuth, Donald E. 1973 ISBN 0-201-03809-9, Addison-Wesley Publishing Company,...
Devpac Disk Contents
Devpac 3 is supplied on one double-sided 3.5 disk. Please note that the following list of files is intended as a guide only subsequent versions of Devpac may contain extra files. The installation program and its support files. The multi-window editor and control program. A text file including latest details about Devpac 3 please read this file carefully before contacting our technical support department with any queries. Auto-resident versions of Mon, the debugger. 68000 version of Gen, the...
TABLE Color Hue Values
Color Hue Number Second Number From the ATARI 400 800 BASIC REFERENCE MANUAL by permission of Atari, Inc. 1980. from 0 to 14 in increments oi 2. The number 0 is the darkest and 14 is the brightest. What background color will the following statement make the TV screen Hint What color is represented by the number 13 in Answers to questions are printed upside down at the bottom of the page. Change the background color. Type SETCOLOR 2,13,4 l UJH l.' What statement can be used to change the TV...
Input Arguments 1
This call reserves memory for use by GDOS extensions to produce Bezier curves. When the application makes Bezier calls, the buffer set aside by this call holds the polygon generated from the Bezier anchor and direction points. When not making Bezier calls, the application has free access to this buffer. When the application exits, it must pass a zero offset, segment, and size to disable further use of this buffer and prevent accidental use of this memory. In the absence of this call, GDOS...
The Area and Perimeter of a Triangle
To calculate the area of a given triangle we will first measure the length of each side of the triangle and then apply Hero's formula Exercise Given A, B, and C, write a program that computes the perimeter and area of the triangle. Solution Since we know A, B, and C, the calculation is straightforward. The perimeter is computed using P A B C. Then, the half-perimeter is calculated, and Hero's formula is applied. In the program shown in Figure 4.1, P first represents the perimeter and then the...
Development Environment Code Development
The OEM hardware-specific code development is supported on a Motorola VME-10 system with a graphics display monitor, 256 Kbytes of additional RAM, a terminal, a VME-400 dual serial port, and a Mouse Systems serial mouse. You have the option of coding in a cross-development environment, under CP M-68K, or coding in GemDos 1.0 native mode. In native mode, you can use prototypes of new hardware added to the VME-10 as expansion boards. The Apple Lisa will support an alternative native mode...
A Quick Tutorial
This is deliberately a 'quick and dirty' tutorial so you can see how straightforward it is to create, edit, assemble and debug programs with Devpac. In this tutorial we are going to assemble and run a simple program, which contains two errors and debug it. The program itself is intended to print a message. To follow this tutorial you must already have installed Devpac and be in the editor. If you are not you should run the installation program assuming you have not already done so , then...
Ipliplipl 1
Interrupt priority outputs to the CPU. The COMBO encodes these lines with the proper interrupt priority code. Bus Error indicates to the CPU that the current bus cycle did not terminated in the required timeout, or an address that is not in the correct 1 O space was issued. Any other bus master can also pull this line low to indicate a bus error situation. Valid peripheral address is output to the CPU and used to control the ACIA devices. Valid memory address input from CPU. Used to control the...